Project Rough Draft Proposal

finalproject1

desriptive statistics

probability

International Trade’s influence on War

Author

Yakub Rabiutheen

Published

October 11, 2022

Research Question

How has international trade influenced how countries interact with each other? This research project looks specifically at France and Britain which are grouped together as Colonial Powers to explore the relationship of Colonialism and international trade. This research project will be looking at data from the Correlates Of War Project, which has international trade data from 1870 to 2015. The cut-off year for this research project will be 1960, as on December 14,1960, the UN declared Colonialism was a human’s right’s violation and legally declared Colonialism was over(McWhinney,1960).

Hypopthesis

This research project will be testing two hypothesis regarding Britain and France.

#Colonial Powers Hypopthesis. 1. The Years that France and Britain had more Exports is when the rate of colonization increased. 2. The Years that France and Britain had more Iron Production correlates to the years France and Britain increased levels of colonization.

Code

library(readxl)
library(readr)
Colonial_Years <- read_excel("C:/Users/yakub/Documents/GitHub/603_Fall_2022/posts/_data/Colonial_transformation_data.xls")

Error: `path` does not exist: 'C:/Users/yakub/Documents/GitHub/603_Fall_2022/posts/_data/Colonial_transformation_data.xls'

Code

Imports_Exports<-read_csv("C:/Users/yakub/Documents/GitHub/603_Fall_2022/posts/_data/Countries_Imports_Exports.csv")

Error: 'C:/Users/yakub/Documents/GitHub/603_Fall_2022/posts/_data/Countries_Imports_Exports.csv' does not exist.

Code

military_raw_metals<-read_csv("C:/Users/yakub/Documents/GitHub/603_Fall_2022/posts/_data/NMC_v4_0.csv")

Error: 'C:/Users/yakub/Documents/GitHub/603_Fall_2022/posts/_data/NMC_v4_0.csv' does not exist.

#Descriptive Statistics.

As shown below, I tried finding Data regarding when colonialism began by France and Uk and seeing whether France and UK had more Trade Surpluses as they expanded their colonial empire. However, I was proven wrong as it appears that the UK has been running a Trade Deficit and has never had a Trade Surplus during their Colonial era pre-1960s. As such, I will have to change the approach of this research study. It appears the Balance of Trade has no relationship to Colonialism.

Code

colnames(Colonial_Years)[3] <- "Colonizing Country"

Error in colnames(Colonial_Years)[3] <- "Colonizing Country": object 'Colonial_Years' not found

Code

colnames(Colonial_Years)[4]<- "Year_Colonization_Began"

Error in colnames(Colonial_Years)[4] <- "Year_Colonization_Began": object 'Colonial_Years' not found

Code

library(dplyr)


Attaching package: 'dplyr'

The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':

    filter, lag

The following objects are masked from 'package:base':

    intersect, setdiff, setequal, union

Code

Colonial_Years<-select(Colonial_Years,"Colonizing Country","Year_Colonization_Began")

Error in select(Colonial_Years, "Colonizing Country", "Year_Colonization_Began"): object 'Colonial_Years' not found

Code

Colonial_Years<-filter(Colonial_Years,`Colonizing Country` %in% c("F","UK"))

Error in filter(Colonial_Years, `Colonizing Country` %in% c("F", "UK")): object 'Colonial_Years' not found

Code

table(Colonial_Years)

Error in table(Colonial_Years): object 'Colonial_Years' not found

Code

Imports_Exports%>% filter(year < '1960')

Error in filter(., year < "1960"): object 'Imports_Exports' not found

Code

colonial_trade<-filter(Imports_Exports,`stateabb` %in% c("FRN","UKG"))

Error in filter(Imports_Exports, stateabb %in% c("FRN", "UKG")): object 'Imports_Exports' not found

Code

options(scipen = 999)

Created a Forumula to calculate Trade Surplus and Deficits.

Code

colonial_trade$trade_balance<-(colonial_trade$exports-colonial_trade$imports)

Error in eval(expr, envir, enclos): object 'colonial_trade' not found

Found a better way to find years that France and Britain were running Trade Deficits.

Code

print(colonial_trade[colonial_trade$exports < colonial_trade$imports,] )

Error in print(colonial_trade[colonial_trade$exports < colonial_trade$imports, : object 'colonial_trade' not found

I did the inverse to find that the UK has always had a Trade Deficit

Code

print(colonial_trade[colonial_trade$exports > colonial_trade$imports,] )

Error in print(colonial_trade[colonial_trade$exports > colonial_trade$imports, : object 'colonial_trade' not found

My finding has found that there is no relationship between Trade Deficits and Colonialism as the UK has never had a positive trade balance.

##Conclusion

I think that the approach of my research has to be changed as my initial theory about trade deficits and Colonialism has been disapprove. As such, I think I will shift this project towards a different approach. I will try exploring the historical prices of commodity goods when France and U.K. were colonial powers.

References

McWhinney, E. (1960, December 14). Declaration on the granting of Independence to colonial countries and Peoples. United Nations. Retrieved October 10, 2022, from https://legal.un.org/avl/ha/dicc/dicc.html














































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title: "Project Rough Draft Proposal"
author: "Yakub Rabiutheen"
description: "International Trade's influence on War"
date: "10/11/2022"
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categories:
  - finalproject1
  - desriptive statistics 
  - probability
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# Research Question

How has international trade influenced how countries interact with each other? This research project looks specifically at  France and Britain which  are grouped together as Colonial Powers to explore the relationship of Colonialism and international trade. This research project will be looking at data from the Correlates Of War Project, which has international trade data from 1870 to 2015. The cut-off year for this research project will be 1960, as  on December 14,1960, the UN declared Colonialism was a human's right's violation and legally declared Colonialism was over(McWhinney,1960).   


# Hypopthesis

This research project will be testing two hypothesis regarding Britain and France.

#Colonial Powers Hypopthesis.
1. The Years that France and Britain had more Exports is when the rate of colonization increased.
2. The Years that France and Britain had more Iron Production correlates to the years France and Britain increased levels of colonization.



quarto-executable-code-5450563D

```r
library(readxl)
library(readr)
Colonial_Years <- read_excel("C:/Users/yakub/Documents/GitHub/603_Fall_2022/posts/_data/Colonial_transformation_data.xls")
Imports_Exports<-read_csv("C:/Users/yakub/Documents/GitHub/603_Fall_2022/posts/_data/Countries_Imports_Exports.csv")
military_raw_metals<-read_csv("C:/Users/yakub/Documents/GitHub/603_Fall_2022/posts/_data/NMC_v4_0.csv")

#Descriptive Statistics.